[133] It is hard, great king, for you — a layman who enjoys sensual pleasures (kāmabhogī), dwelling in a home crowded with children, enjoying sandalwood from Kāsi, wearing garlands, scents, and unguents, and accepting gold and silver — to know: "These are arahants," or "These have entered upon the path of arahantship (arahattamagga)."
1. It is by living together, great king, that virtue (sīla) is to be known; and that after a long time, not after a short time; by one who attends, not by one who does not attend; by one who is wise, not by one who is unwise.
2. It is by mutual dealings, great king, that purity (soceyya) is to be known; and that after a long time, not after a short time; by one who attends, not by one who does not attend; by one who is wise, not by one who is unwise.
3. It is in adversities, great king, that fortitude (thāma) is to be known; and that after a long time, not after a short time; by one who attends, not by one who does not attend; by one who is wise, not by one who is unwise.
4. It is by discussion, great king, that wisdom (paññā) is to be known; and that after a long time, not after a short time; by one who attends, not by one who does not attend; by one who is wise, not by one who is unwise.
English translation from the Pali (Siam Raṭṭha edition) — under review, not for citation.