[183] **"Birth and aging, and sorrow and lamentation — the wise one would abandon that suffering (dukkha) right here":**
**"Birth" (jāti):** the birth of those various beings in this or that order of beings — their birth, coming to birth, descent [into the womb], production, coming forth, the manifestation of the aggregates (khandhānaṃ pātubhāvo), the obtaining of the sense bases (āyatanānaṃ paṭilābho).
**"Aging" (jarā):** the aging of those various beings in this or that order of beings — their aging, agedness, brokenness of teeth, greyness of hair, wrinkledness of skin, the decline of the life-span, the maturing of the faculties.
**"Sorrow" (soka):** in one afflicted by loss of relatives, or afflicted by loss of wealth, or afflicted by loss through illness, or afflicted by loss of virtue, or afflicted by loss of view, or in one who meets with one or another loss, or who is afflicted by one or another painful thing — the sorrow, sorrowing, state of sorrowfulness, inner sorrow, inner pervading sorrow, inner burning, inner pervading burning, the smouldering of the mind, grief, the dart of sorrow.
**"Lamentation" (parideva):** in one afflicted by loss of relatives, or afflicted by loss of wealth, or afflicted by loss through illness, or afflicted by loss of virtue, or afflicted by loss of view, or in one who meets with one or another loss, or who is afflicted by one or another painful thing — the crying, lamenting, act of crying, act of lamenting, state of having cried, state of having lamented, wailing, babbling, raving, mournful muttering, the act of mournful muttering, the state of mournful muttering.
**"Here" (idha):** in this view … in this human world.
**"Wise" (vidvā):** one who knows,¹ who has attained true knowledge (vijjā), possessed of knowledge (ñāṇa), discerning, sagacious.
**"Suffering" (dukkha):** the suffering of birth … the suffering of sorrow, lamentation, pain, grief, and despair.
**"Birth and aging, and sorrow and lamentation — the wise one would abandon that suffering right here":** one who knows, who has attained true knowledge, possessed of knowledge, discerning, sagacious, would abandon, would dispel, would make an end of, would bring to non-existence, right here, birth and aging, and sorrow and lamentation. Therefore it is said: "Birth and aging, and sorrow and lamentation — the wise one would abandon that suffering right here." Hence the Blessed One said:
Dwelling thus, possessed of mindfulness, heedful,
a bhikkhu wandering, having given up things cherished as "mine,"
birth and aging, and sorrow and lamentation —
being wise, would abandon that suffering right here.
[Edition notes: ¹ M(aramma ed.): this reading (the first "vidvā") is absent. Preceding-page apparatus carried over in the source: (1) M: puthujjanakalyāṇako; (2) M: jahitvā cajitvā pajahitvā.]
English translation from the Pali (Siam Raṭṭha edition) — under review, not for citation.