[1196] "Venerable sir, by how many modes does a bhikkhu fall into an offence (āpatti)?"
"Upāli, by five modes a bhikkhu falls into an offence. Which five?
1. Through shamelessness (alajjitā);
2. Through not knowing (aññāṇatā);
3. Through acting while beset by scruples (kukkuccapakatatā);
4. Through perceiving what is unallowable as allowable;
5. Through perceiving what is allowable as unallowable.
By these five modes, Upāli, a bhikkhu falls into an offence.
By a further five modes also, Upāli, a bhikkhu falls into an offence. Which five?
1. Through not having seen;
2. Through not having heard;
3. Through being asleep;
4. Through perceiving it to be so;
5. Through a lapse of mindfulness (satisammosā).
By these five modes, Upāli, a bhikkhu falls into an offence."
English translation from the Pali (Siam Raṭṭha edition) — under review, not for citation.