Musāvādasikkhāpada

Vinayapiṭaka · Bhikkhu Vibhaṅga (2) · Vol. 2 · Section 187

[187] **Birth (jāti)** means: there are two kinds of birth — low birth and high birth. **Low birth** means: birth as a caṇḍāla (outcaste), birth as a bamboo-worker (veṇa), birth as a hunter (nesāda), birth as a chariot-maker (rathakāra), birth as a refuse-sweeper (pukkusa) — this is called low birth. **High birth** means: birth as a khattiya, birth as a brāhmaṇa — this is called high birth.

English translation from the Pali (Siam Raṭṭha edition) — under review, not for citation.