[968] One commits an offense (āpatti) in four ways: one commits it by body; one commits it by speech; one commits it by body and speech; one commits it by the formal proclamation (kammavācā).
In four further ways one commits an offense: in the midst of the Saṅgha; in the midst of a group; in the presence of an individual; through the manifestation of the sexual characteristic (liṅga).
In four ways one emerges from an offense: one emerges by body; one emerges by speech; one emerges by body and speech; one emerges by the formal proclamation.
In four further ways one emerges from an offense: in the midst of the Saṅgha; in the midst of a group; in the presence of an individual; through the manifestation of the sexual characteristic.
Together with the acquisition (of the new characteristic) one abandons the former and is established in the latter; the intimations (viññatti) subside, the designations (paññatti) cease. Together with the acquisition one abandons the latter and is established in the former; the intimations subside, the designations cease.
There are four accusations (codanā): one accuses on account of failure in virtue (sīlavipatti); one accuses on account of failure in conduct (ācāravipatti); one accuses on account of failure in view (diṭṭhivipatti); one accuses on account of failure in livelihood (ājīvavipatti).
There are four probations (parivāsa): probation for a concealed offense (paṭicchannaparivāsa), probation for an unconcealed offense (appaṭicchannaparivāsa), probation of complete purification (suddhantaparivāsa), combined probation (samodhānaparivāsa).
There are four mānatta observances: mānatta for a concealed offense, mānatta for an unconcealed offense, half-month mānatta (pakkhamānatta), combined mānatta (samodhānamānatta).
There are four interruptions of the nights (ratticcheda) for a bhikkhu observing mānatta: dwelling together (sahavāsa), dwelling apart (vippavāsa), failure to announce (anārocanā), and practicing in an incomplete group.
There are four direct promulgations (sāmukkaṃsa).
There are four uses of what has been formally received: what may be consumed within the proper time (yāvakālika), what may be consumed within a watch of the night (yāmakālika), what may be consumed within seven days (sattāhakālika), what may be consumed as long as life lasts (yāvajīvika).
There are four great remedies (mahāvikaṭa, lit. "great foul things"): excrement, urine, ash, and clay.
There are four formal acts (kamma): an act by general consent (apalokanakamma), an act with a motion (ñattikamma), an act with a motion as the second item (ñattidutiyakamma), an act with a motion as the fourth item (ñatticatutthakamma).
There are four further formal acts: an act by an incomplete assembly not in accordance with the Dhamma; an act by a complete assembly not in accordance with the Dhamma; an act by an incomplete assembly in accordance with the Dhamma; an act by a complete assembly in accordance with the Dhamma.
There are four failures (vipatti): failure in virtue, failure in conduct, failure in view, failure in livelihood.
There are four legal issues (adhikaraṇa): a legal issue arising from dispute (vivādādhikaraṇa), a legal issue arising from accusation (anuvādādhikaraṇa), a legal issue arising from offense (āpattādhikaraṇa), a legal issue arising from procedure (kiccādhikaraṇa).
There are four corrupters of an assembly (parisadūsana): a bhikkhu of bad morals, of evil character, is a corrupter of the assembly; a bhikkhunī of bad morals, of evil character, is a corrupter of the assembly; a male lay follower (upāsaka) of bad morals, of evil character, is a corrupter of the assembly; a female lay follower (upāsikā) of bad morals, of evil character, is a corrupter of the assembly.
There are four who adorn an assembly (parisasobhaṇa): a bhikkhu who is virtuous, of good character, adorns the assembly; a bhikkhunī who is virtuous, of good character, adorns the assembly; a male lay follower who is virtuous, of good character, adorns the assembly; a female lay follower who is virtuous, of good character, adorns the assembly.
[Section header of the Thai Royal edition: **On Incoming (Visiting) Bhikkhus, and So Forth** — heading the section that follows.]
English translation from the Pali (Siam Raṭṭha edition) — under review, not for citation.